The use of TMS in research requires an individual and precise positioning of the TMS coil at the selected brain region. MR-based neuro-navigation systems can visualize the electromagnetic hot-spot of the coil in real-time...
Clinical TMS research is conducted to evaluate the safety and effectiveness of TMS by investigating its effects on human beings. Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation is a great way to selectively modulate targeted areas of the...
Using TMS in conjunction with other techniques allows for a more complete understanding of the human brain. TMS can be combined with various neuroimaging and neurophysiological technologies as EEG, MEG, EMG, PET, fMRI, NIRS...
Multi-side TMS describes the use of multiple independently controlled stimulation coils which all are stimulating one subject. It is used for the investigation of functional connectivity within complex interconnected networks. By varying the timing...
Event-related TMS depicts the combination of TMS together with a specific, cognitive task. Examples are stimulating the visual cortex while the subject is shown pictures, or stimulating Broca’s area while asking the subject to...
Experimental brain research can benefit enormously from pain-free and non-invasive stimulation options. As such, TMS can induce a temporary functional disturbance in a focal area of the cortex. This lesional effect can be characterized...
A hot topic in today’s brain research is state-depending modulation of brain networks in real time by applying personalized TMS patterns. This real-time application allows you to investigate cortical excitability and induction of long...
This innovative, new patterned repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation protocol called quadri-pulse stimulation (QPS) can generate a broad range of motor cortical plasticity ranging from MEP suppression to MEP facilitation. In addition to evoking lasting...
Translational and basic research are the major areas of TMS applications in animals. The use of animals has advantages in terms of subject homogeneity, disease models and available histology. Focuses such as TMS safety, neuronal...
In-vitro cell stimulation is utilized to research the physiological events in cortex cells on neuro-chip-systems. Findings in the field of in-vitro cell stimulation help improve current applications in neurodiagnostics and -rehabilitation. The main advantage of...
Robotic TMS is a highly advanced technique and a unique tool to assure stimulation quality in terms of precision. The combination of a robot, MR-based neuronavigation and focal stimulation makes it is possible to...
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